EMERGENCY

DEFINITION :
an emergency is a situation which need urgent action poses an immediate risk to life, health, property or environment.so what is emergency in the eyes?? emergency that need immediate medical attention which threatens visual loss if not treated soon. SO not all cases eyes disease is included in emergency and supposed to go to emergency clinic. mild infection, contact lenses consultation, cataract, glasses is simple of unemergency cases that no need emergency action. Rupture globe, glaucoma with high iop, chemical injury is sample of emergency because if not treated soon will lead to visual loss.

RUPTURE GLOBE

Rupture globe occurs when the integrity of the outer membranes of the eye is disrupted by blunt or penetrating trauma. Any full-thickness injury to the cornea, sclera, or both is considered an open globe injury. Globe rupture represents a major ophthalmologic emergency and always requires surgical intervention. damage to the posterior segment of the eye is associated with a very high frequency of permanent visual loss. Early recognition and ophthalmologic intervention are critical to maximizing functional outcome.
reference :-http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic218.htm

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eye problem in baby

eye problem are common in children, may be infection, abrasion due to injury, watery of eyes.
1. corneal abrasion :can be happen due to injury finger nail, foreign body, such
as sands,etc.
2.Dacriostenosis: This is a blocked tear duct, are very common in newborns and infants and usually clear up on their own by the time your baby is a year old. It can cause some matting of the eye, and persistent tearing in one or both eyes. You should wipe away any discharge with a warm cloth. You can also gently massage the side of the upper part of your baby's nose to try and open up the duct. If your baby has a lot of discharge that needs to be wiped away more than a few times a day, then he may need an antibiotic and you should see your doctor.

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astigmatism


"What is an astigmatism?" is a question that optometrists hear every day, Astigmatism is the most common vision problem, but most people don't know what it is. It may nearsightedness or farsightedness.more detail......

HYPHAEMA

A hyphaema is common to eye trauma results from damage to blood vessels in the iris with hemorrhage into in front of the anterior chamber.more detail....
1.Traumatic hyphaema
2.hyphaema

chemical eye burn

chemical eye burn

chemical exposure to any part of the eye or eye lid results in chemical eye burn. chemical burn represents 7 to 10 percent of eye injury. 15 % to 20 % of face burn involved at least one eye. severity of burn depend on the substance that cause it or how long the substance had expose to the eye. cornea is very top layer that often affected. The severity of the injury is related to whether the chemical is alkali or acid. Alkali chemicals are more destructive then acidic chemicals because of their ability to adhere to the eye and penetrate tissues.more detail.....

CATARACT

A cataract is an opacity that develops in the lens of the eye, which lies behind the iris and the pupil.The lens works much like a camera lens, focusing light onto the retina at the back of the eye. The lens also adjusts the eye's focus, letting us see things clearly both up close and far away.
Cataracts develop from a variety of reasons, including long-term ultraviolet exposure,exposure to radiation, secondary effects of diseases such as diabetes, or simply due to advanced age; they are usually a result of Denaturation of lens. genetic factors are often a cause of congenital cataracts and positive family history may also play a role in predisposing someone to cataracts at an earlier age, a phenomenon of "anticipation" in pre-senile cataracts. Cataracts may also be produced by eye injury.read more....

glaucoma

Glaucoma is symptomatic condition of the eyes which the intra ocular pressure exceed the tolerance of the affected eyes resulting in irreversible visual field defect.read more........
referall.....1.http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/glaucoma.html
2.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaucoma

DRY EYES

What Causes Dry Eyes?
Dry eyes is condition of the eyes caused by a deficit of/or excessive lachrymal evaporation. this result in abnormalities and associated with following symptom: a feeling of dryness, grittiness, presence of foreign body, eye discomfort and some time burning sensation also. Dry eyes mostly come into people living in the dry weather like middle east, used computer for long period, expose to air condition for a long time, post lasik surgery, and also some diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, prolonged used medication( particularly anti glaucomatous ) and hormone replacement therapy.MORE detail.......

RETINAL DETACTMENT

The retina is the light-sensitive tissue that lies smoothly againts the inside back wall of the eye and send message to the brain tghrough the optic nerve. Underneath retina is the coroid - a thin layer of blood vessel that supplies oxigyn and nutrients to the retina. Retinal detatchment happened when the retina separates from the coroid.

The retinal detatchment is when part of the retina either tears or pulls away (detaches) from the back of the eye. If it does, that part of the retina cannot gather light. Vision loss may occur. Tears or detachment may be caused by aging, an eye injury, or another eye problem.MORE detail......
. Retinal detacthment is amedical emergency, and time is critical. unless the detached retina is promptly surgically reattached. This condition can cause permanent loss of vision.

SIGN AND SYMTOMS
Retinal detachtment is painless, warning sign retinal detachtment is :
a. the sudden appearance of many foater.
b. flashes of light one or both eyes.
c. sudden loss in vision.
d. a shadow or curtain over a portion of the visual field.
if you experience this symtom soon seek urgent examination by ophthalmologist.

Treatment

surgery is the only effective terapy for retinal detatchment. The opthalmologist will tell you about the various risk and benefit of the treatment.